_EXAMINING THE POWERBASIC DEVELOPER KIT_
by Raymond J. Schneider 


Listing One

$ERROR ALL
InputFileName$=COMMAND$
CALL Mergea(InputFileName$)
END
'Program to read files and isolate and count occurances of words
' file should have the extension .TXT however the program will
' attempt to read any file so long as the user insists.

'OUTLINE
' 1. READ A LINE -- Drop if it is a comment line (i.e preceeded with ')
' 2. PARSE INTO WORDS
' 3. ADD WORDS TO AN ARRAY
' 4. WHEN LAST LINE, GO BACK AND...
' 5. ANALYZE ARRAY FOR REPEATED OCCURANCES OF WORDS
' 6. INITIALLY BY SORTING THE CONTENTS OF THE ARRAY AND
' 7. THEN GOING THROUGH THE ARRAY AND ACCUMULATING REPEATED WORDS.
' 8. WHEN FINISHED PRINT OUT TOTAL WORDS AND DISTINCT WORDS TO SCREEN.
' 9. WRITE THE ALPHA FILE <WORD>,<# OCCURANCES> IN SORTED ALPHA ORDER
'10. BUT THIS IS NOT AN ASSUMPTION ABOUT ALPHA FILES, THEY CAN BE IN ANY
'    ORDER Alpha File line::= <word>,<frequency>
'******************************************
'6/5/94 Added LinkBack: to drop comment lines so that input files could
'contain embedded comments without affecting the word counts
'6/7/94 Dropping word print outs and adding a stats line at end of run
'******************************************
 SUB Mergea (InputFileName$)
 'OPEN FILE
 $DYNAMIC
 MaxWords%=20000
 MaxWordsOnLine%=500
 DIM Word$(MaxWordsOnLine%)  'Assumes no more than MaxWordsOnLine%
 DIM AllWord$(MaxWords%), Vocab$(MaxWords%), VFreq%(MaxWords%)
 'String Constants Required
 UpperCase$="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
 LowerCase$="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
 Punctuation$=",.:;?"
 Brackets$="<>{}[]()"
 Digits$="0123456789"

 'Now create OutputFileName$ by parsing COMMAND$
 FileRootName$=EXTRACT$(InputFileName$,".")
 '********* Note that this Output FileName creation may be Error Prone
 OutputFileName$=FileRootName$+".CNT"
 'Ready to Open input file
 ON ERROR GOTO ErrorHandler
 OPEN InputFileName$ for input as #1
 WordCount=0 'This is the overall wordcount for the Input File
 WHILE NOT EOF(1)
 '*******************Get a Line$ and Parse it into words ************
 'Read Line In
LinkBack:
  LINE INPUT #1, Lin$
  'Parse Line Into Words
'First check line for apostrophe ... and skip lines with apostrophes
IF LEFT$(Lin$,1)="'" THEN Goto LinkBack 'this drops comment lines
'Then Eliminate non-alpha characters replacing them with spaces
  REPLACE ANY ",.:;?<>{}[]()0123456789" WITH "                       " IN Lin$
Again:
  L=VERIFY(Lin$,UpperCase$+LowerCase$+" "+"'"+"-") 'note apostrophe so as to 
                                                   '    capture contractions
  'Note this process will accept hyphens as a word and we want only
  'internal hyphens -- see below at EXTRACT$
  IF L=0 THEN Goto Success
  'Otherwise L points to a non alpha non space character
  'replace it with a space and continue
  MID$(Lin$,L)=" "
  Goto Again
Success:
  Lin$=LTRIM$(Lin$)
  Lin$=RTRIM$(Lin$)
  'Now spaces are stripped from front and back of string
  i=0 'Word Counter for # for Word(s) in Line$
KeepGoing:
  IF Len(Lin$)=0 THEN Goto Done
  Word$(i)=EXTRACT$(Lin$," ") 'Finds ith word but it may just be hypens
  Lin$=LTRIM$(Lin$,Word$(i)) 'Strips found word from string
  Lin$=LTRIM$(Lin$) 'Strips leading blacks
  Word$(i)=LTRIM$(Word$(i),ANY "-'")
  Word$(i)=RTRIM$(Word$(i),ANY "-'")
  IF Len(Word$(i))=0 THEN Goto KeepGoing
  i=i+1 'Increment counter
  Goto KeepGoing 'this will loop collecting the words in Lin$
Done:
'****************** End of Line$ Parse *************************
  'i enters Done as the # of words collected indexed from 0 to n-1
  'Note that this is done with a line not the whole file so now we have
  'to add the words to the AllWord$() array
  'Now we must put the indicated # of words in an array which is
  ' large enough to hold all the words in the file.
'************** Assemble the Line$ words into the AllWord$ Array *******
  For j=0+WordCount to i-1+WordCount
  AllWord$(j)= Word$(j-WordCount)
  Next j
  WordCount=WordCount + i 'Increments after assigning all Word$(s) from line
WEND
CLOSE #1
'*********************************Word Collection Complete ************
' **** SORT the AllWord$(0 to WordCount-1) Array **********************
ARRAY SORT AllWord$(0) FOR WordCount,COLLATE UCASE
IF WordCount>0 THEN GOTO Proceed
Print "No Words Found"
END
Proceed:
'Variables are NumWords which counts the Vocabulary Additions AllWordPointer 
' which indexes through the AllWord$() array WordCount which holds the number 
' of words in the AllWord$() array indexed from 0 to WordCount-1
'Vocab$() the Vocabulary Array and VFreq%() the frequency array
NumWords=0
AllWordPointer=0 'Initialize NumWords and AllWordPointer
Vocab$(NumWords)=AllWord$(AllWordPointer) 'Initializes 1st word
VFreq%(NumWords)=1 'One occurrance of the 1st word
VocabAgain:
  AllWordPointer=AllWordPointer+1 'Now has # of words scanned
  IF UCASE$(AllWord$(AllWordPointer))=UCASE$(AllWord$(AllWordPointer-1)) THEN
     'Word is repeated so
     VFreq%(NumWords)=VFreq%(NumWords)+1
     IF AllWordPointer=WordCount-1 THEN Goto VDone
     Goto VocabAgain
  ELSE
     NumWords=NumWords+1
     Vocab$(NumWords)=AllWord$(AllWordPointer)
     VFreq%(NumWords)=1
     IF AllWordPointer=WordCount-1 THEN Goto VDone
     Goto VocabAgain
  END IF
VDone:
OPEN OutputFileName$ for output as #1
For j=0 to NumWords
PRINT #1,UCASE$(Vocab$(j));",";STR$(VFreq%(j))
next j
CLOSE #1
Print "Total Number of Words= ";WordCount
Print "Number of Different Words is= ";NumWords+1
END SUB
'********************************************************
' SUBROUTINES
'********************************************************
 ErrorHandler:
 E=ERRTEST
 IF E=53 then Print "Input File Not Found":END
 Print "Error";E;" Occurred"


Listing Two

$ERROR ALL
'Fun With Words -- an example of the conversion of DOS BASIC programs to 
' Windows using the PowerBASIC Development Kit -- Copyright R.Schneider 1994

$INCLUDE "PB3DV.PB3"
CALL InitExecution( "FWW", RESETAPP% )
CALL ReadErrorNumber( DVError% )
IF DVError% > 0 THEN END

'*****
'Creation of a Session, required to use Menus.
'*****
Txt$  =  "Fun With Words"
CALL OpenSession( Txt$, 0, 0, 639, 479, hSession% )

'Open Menu Resource
MenuResName$="WFMENU.RC"
CALL LoadResources(MenuResName$,hMenuRes%)
MenuName$="MainMenu"
CALL OpenMenuRes(hMenuRes%,0,MenuName$,hMenu%)
' Setting the new Menu in the current Session. The Menu is now
' displayed, and it starts emitting messages.
CALL SetMenu(hMenu%)

'Load MainDialog Box
ResName$="wfmndlg.rc"
CALL LoadResources(ResName$,hDlg%)
DlgName$="MAINDLG"
CALL OpenDlgRes(hDlg%,DlgName$,hWnd%)
CALL SetWindowModal(hWnd%,NOTMODAL%)

'Open Resources in Main Dialog Box
hEditBox%=101
CALL GetDlgItem(hWnd%,hEditBox%,hEdit%) 'hEdit% set by Windows
hListBox%=103
CALL GetDlgItem(hWnd%,hListBox%,hList%)
hGOButton%=107
CALL GetDlgItem(hWnd%,hGOButton%,hGO%)
hEndMergeButton%=110
CALL GetDlgItem(hWnd%,hEndMergeButton%,hEndMerge%)
hMergeFileEdit%=108
CALL GetDlgItem(hWnd%,hMergeFileEdit%,hMergeEdit%)
hMergeListBox%=109
CALL GetDlgItem(hWnd%,hMergeListBox%,hMergeList%)
hOKButton%=111
CALL GetDlgItem(hWnd%,hOKButton%,hOK%)
' Event Loop
DIM XParam%(4)
GetMsg%  =  1
WHILE GetMsg% <> 0
CALL GetMessage( hMsgWnd%, Msg%, wP%, XCursor%,_YCursor%, XParam%(1), Cmd$)
' When no message is available, GetMessage returns a Msg=0 Message.
  IF Msg% <> 0 THEN
  ' The Msg%=WMCOMMAND% messages come from the Menu.
  ' wP% contains the ID of the clicked Item.

    IF Msg% = WMCOMMAND% THEN
     IF wP%= 100 THEN 'Menu Count was selected
      Flags&=0
      Filter$="Filter 1 $.TXT $.BAK |*.TXT *.BAK | 
                                     Filter 2 $.C $.DOC $.BAK|*.C *.DOC *.BAK"
      CustomFilter$="CFilter 1 $.TXT $.BAK |*.TXT *.BAK"
      FileTitle$=""
      Title$="Get ASCII Test File to Count"
      FileName$=SPACE$(32)
      Directory$="C\"
      DExt$=""
      CALL GetOpenFileName(0,Filter$,CustomFilter$,0,_
           FileName$,64,_
           FileTitle$,Directory$,Title$,Flags&,_
           FileOffset%,FileExt%,DExt$,xError&)
           CALL ReadErrorNumber(ErrNum%)
         IF ErrNum%=0 THEN
           'Load Edit Box and Read .CNT file into ListBox
           DistinctWords%=0
           CALL Count(FileName$,hEdit%,OutFileName$,DistinctWords%)
           'Now load ListBox
           CALL ResetListBox(hList%)
           Open OutFileName$ for input as #1
           lnum%=0
           for num%=1 to DistinctWords%
           Line Input #1, WordF$
           CALL AddStringListBox(hList%,WordF$,lnum%)
           next num%
           close #1
         END IF
         IF ErrNum%=3 THEN
         END IF 'do nothing
           END IF 'menu 100 COUNT
           IF wP%=200 THEN
           ' Sort File Program Calls etc. Need to check for sort 
               ' variable /F or /A and check that edit box has a file in it.
          IF OutFileName$<>"" THEN
            Path$=OutFileName$
            CALL SetSelEdit(hEdit%,0,32)'Don-t like absolute #s
            CALL ReplaceSelEdit(hEdit%,Path$)
            CALL SortIt(OutFileName$,DWords%)
            CALL ResetListBox(hList%)
            Open OutFileName$ for input as #1
            lnum%=0
            FOR num%=1 to DWords%
            Line Input #1, WordF$
            CALL AddStringListBox(hList%,WordF$,lnum%)
            NEXT num%
            CLOSE #1
          END IF 'OutFileName
        END IF 'menu 200 SORT
        IF wP%=300 THEN
        'Statistics Program
          Print OutFileName$
          'Note should check EditBox for contents and use that!
          IF OutFileName$="" THEN
          ELSE
            CALL Statistics(OutFileName$)
          END IF 'OutFileName
          END IF 'menu 300 STATISTICS
          IF wP%=400 THEN
          'Merge Code
            CALL SetWindowModal(hWnd%,TASKMODAL%)
            CALL ResetListBox(hList%)
            CALL ResetListBox(hMergeList%)
            CALL SetSelEdit(hMergeEdit%,0,32)
            'Set Edit Box to Default Value, *.CNT
            Path$="*.CNT"
            CALL SetSelEdit(hEdit%,0,32)
            CALL ReplaceSelEdit(hEdit%,Path$)
            'Get directory based on DefaultValue
            CALL AddDirListBox(hList%,Path$,DDLREADWRITE%)
            'Setup Local Event Loop
            Cmd$=SPACE$(32)
            DIM Xp%(4)
            GetLocalMsg%=1
            WHILE GetLocalMsg%<>0
              Call GetMessage(hLMsgWnd%, LMsg%, LwP%, Xc%, Yc%, 
                                                                  Xp%(1), Cmd$)
              IF LMsg%=0 THEN
            CALL ReleaseTimeSlice
              ELSE 'LMsg% is not equal to zero
            IF LMsg%=WMCOMMAND% THEN
               IF LwP%=hEndMergeButton% THEN
                  GetLocalMsg%=0
               END IF  'hEndMergeButton
               IF LwP%=hListBox% THEN
                  Notification%=Xp%(2)
                  IF Notification%=LBNDBLCLK% THEN
                  'Get the selected item from ListBox
                  'first get # lines in list box
                CALL StatusListBox(hList%,l%,top%,w%,height%,
                                  _MaxWidth%,Index0%,NbLines%,
                                  _SelectedLine%,selcnt%)
                'SelectedLine% is the index of the selected 
                                ' line or it is negative
                ThisLine$=SPACE$(32)
                CALL GetTextListBox(hList%,SelectedLine%,
                                                                  ThisLine$,32)
                Print ThisLine$
                'then look for selected line. put selected line
                'in merge listbox. get # of items in listbox
                CALL StatusListBox(hMergeList%,l%,top%,w%,
                                       height%,_MaxWidth%,Index0%,
                                       NbLines%,_SelectedLine%,selcnt%)
                IF NbLines%<5 THEN
                    CALL AddStringListBox(hMergeList%,
                                                              ThisLine$,Rank%)
                    Print "Got to NbLine%<5 IF Statement"
                ELSE
                    'List Box has 5 items in it now! No more 
                    'will be accepted. Put up a message box.
                    Txt$  =  "Only 5 files can be merged at 
                                                                      a time!"
                    Caption$  =  "Informative Message"
                    CALL MessageBox( 0, Txt$, Caption$,
                                                  MBOK% OR MBTASKMODAL%, Code%)
                END IF 'NbLines<5
                  END IF 'Notification
                END IF 'hListBox
                IF LwP%=hGOButton% THEN
                  'Enter a Merge File Name
                Size%=MAXSTR%
                MergeFileName$=SPACE$(MAXSTR%)
                CALL GetCTLText(hMergeEdit%,
                                                          MergeFileName$,Size%)
                MergeFileName$=RTRIM$(MergeFileName$)
                MergeFileName$=LTRIM$(MergeFileName$)
                IF MergeFileName$="" THEN GOTO NoGood
                CALL StatusListBox(hMergeList%,l%,top%,w%,
                                   height%,_MaxWidth%,Index0%,
                                   NbLines%,_SelectedLine%,selcnt%)
                CtlString$=""
                for i%=Index0% to Index0%+NbLines%-1
                Size%=MAXSTR%
                Text$=SPACE$(MAXSTR%)
                CALL GetTextListBox(hMergeList%,i%,Text$,Size%)
                Text$=RTRIM$(Text$)
                CtlString$=CtlString$+" "+Text$
                next i%
                CtlString$=CtlString$+" /"+MergeFileName$
                CALL Merge(CtlString$)
                 Print CtlString$
                NoGood:
                END IF 'hGOButton%
                IF LwP%=hMergeListBox% THEN
                  'if doubleclick on filename. then delete filename
                  'if no filename, then do nothing
                  Notification%=Xp%(2)
                  IF Notification%=LBNDBLCLK% THEN
                'Get the selected item from ListBox
                'first get # lines in list box
                CALL StatusListBox(hMergeList%,l%,top%,w%,
                                    height%,_MaxWidth%,Index0%,
                                    NbLines%,_SelectedLine%,selcnt%)
                'SelectedLine% is the index of the selected 
                                'line or it is negative
                ThisLine$=SPACE$(32)
                CALL GetTextListBox(hMergeList%,SelectedLine%,
                                                                  ThisLine$,32)
                Print ThisLine$
                'then look for selected line
                'delete the selected line in merge list box
                IF ThisLine$ <> ""  THEN
                  CALL DeleteStringListBox(hMergeList%,
                                                                 SelectedLine%)
                END IF 'ThisLIne
                  END IF 'Notification
                END IF 'hMergeListBox -- to delete entries

                IF LwP%=hOKButton% THEN
                  'a file name has been entered
                  ' in the edit box with wildcards
                Size%=MAXSTR%
                EditFileName$=SPACE$(MAXSTR%)
                CALL GetCTLText(hEdit%,EditFileName$,Size%)
                PRINT EditFileName$
                'reset the edit box and then
                CALL ResetListBox(hList%)
                'add the directory or file name
                CALL AddDirListBox(hList%,EditFileName$,
                                                                 DDLREADWRITE%)
                END IF   'hOKButtion%
               END IF 'WMCOMMAND
            END IF 'LMsg%=0
              WEND 'Local Event Loop
              'Clear Everything
              CALL SetWindowModal(hWnd%,NOTMODAL%)
              CALL SetFocus(hSession%)
              CALL ResetListBox(hList%)
              CALL ResetListBox(hMergeList%)
              CALL SetCTLText(hEdit%,SPACE$(32))
              CALL SetCTLText(hMergeEdit%,SPACE$(32))
            END IF 'Merge Menu Item #400
            IF wP%=500 THEN Msg%=WMSYSCOMMAND%:wP%=SCCLOSE%
            IF wP%=600 THEN
             'Get an alphafile name and display the file in listbox--
             ' use same strategy as with the Count menu item without 
                     ' calling the count function
             Flags&=0
             Filter$="Filter 1 $.CNT $.BNT |*.CNT *.BNT"
             CustomFilter$="CFilter 1 $.CNT $.BNT |*.CNT *.BNT"
             FileTitle$=""
             Title$="Get Alpha File"
             FileName$=SPACE$(32)
             Directory$="C\"
             DExt$=""
             CALL GetOpenFileName(0,Filter$,CustomFilter$,0,_
              FileName$,64,_
              FileTitle$,Directory$,Title$,Flags&,_
              FileOffset%,FileExt%,DExt$,xError&)
              CALL ReadErrorNumber(ErrNum%)
             IF ErrNum%=0 THEN
              'Load Edit Box and Read .CNT file into ListBox
              Path$=FileName$
              CALL  SetSelEdit(hEdit%,0,32)'Don-t like absolute #s
              CALL ReplaceSelEdit(hEdit%,Path$)
              OPEN FileName$ for INPUT as #1
              LinCount%=0
              CALL ResetListBox(hList%)
              WHILE NOT EOF(1)
               LINE INPUT #1, Lin$
               CALL AddStringListBox(hList%,Lin$,lnum%)
               LinCount%=LinCount% + 1
              WEND
              CLOSE #1
              OutFileName$=FileName$
              CALL Statistics(OutFileName$)
             END IF
             IF ErrNum%=3 THEN
             END IF 'do nothing
            END IF 'Menu 600 GET
        END IF 'Msg WMCOMMAND
        ' The Msg=WMSYSCOMMAND messages come from the System Menu of 
        ' the current Session. wP contains the ID of the clicked Item.
        ' Event Loop ends when System Menu CLOSE Item is activated.
        IF Msg% = WMSYSCOMMAND% THEN
            IF wP% = SCCLOSE% THEN
            ' Opening a Message Box to ask the user if he really 
                        ' wants to end the program.
            Txt$  =  "Do you really want to end Fun With Words?"
            Caption$  =  "Goodbye Message"
            CALL MessageBox( 0, Txt$, Caption$,
                                               MBYESNO% OR MBTASKMODAL%, Code%)
            ' Code receives a value related to the user answer:
            ' IDYES%, or IDNO% in this case.
            IF Code%  =  IDYES% THEN GetMsg%  =  0
            END IF 'SCCLOSE
        END IF 'WMSYSCOMMAND
    ELSE
        ' If no message is available, the application releases its Time
        ' Slice to let other applications run.
        CALL ReleaseTimeSlice
    END IF
WEND 'Main Event Loop
CALL EndExecution
END
'******************* EXTERNAL SUBROUTINES ***************
'***** Slightly Modified Original DOS Code **************
$INCLUDE "merge.bas"
$INCLUDE "cnt.bas"
$INCLUDE "sortwin.bas"
$INCLUDE "statist.bas"
'********************************************************
' SUBROUTINES
'********************************************************
 ErrorHandler:
 E=ERRTEST
 'IF E=53 then Print "Input File Not Found":END
 Print "Error";E;" Occurred"
 Txt$  =  "Error="+STR$(E)+" Occurred at Line "+STR$(ERL)
 Caption$  =  "Error Box"
 CALL MessageBox( 0, Txt$, Caption$,MBYESNO% OR MBTASKMODAL%, Code%)
            ' Code receives a value related to the user answer:
            ' IDYES%, or IDNO% in this case.
            IF Code%  =  IDYES% THEN END
 END