What is a Microcontroller (MCU)?

A microcontroller unit (MCU) is an integrated circuit (IC) that contains many of the functions found in a typical computer system. A microcontroller uses a microprocessor as its central processing unit and incorporates features such as memory, a timing reference, and input/output peripherals, all on the same chip.

Microcontrollers are very useful in any application in which many decisions or calculations are required. In most cases, it is easier to use the computational power of an MCU rather than use discrete logic. One key advantage of an MCU system is the opportunity to use software to replace complex and expensive logic. One key advantage of an MCU system is the opportunity to use software to replace complex and expensive hardware components. The cost of the initial software development is more than offset by the continued savings in hardware cost and reduced board space.

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Typical Microcontroller Application Examples:

  • Telephones
  • Answering Machines
  • Pagers
  • Motor Control
  • Appliances
  • Factory Automation
  • Mouse
  • Keyboards
  • Stereos
  • Televisions
  • Remote Controls
  • Toys
  • Smartcards
  • Multiplexed Systems
  • Anti-lock Braking Systems

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